国际发展中的知识、政策与实践 中国农业大学国际发展研究中心
一、背景
近年来，我国与发展中国家的经济社会以及政治联系日益紧密，对外援助逐年增加，影响力日益加大，中国企业在非洲、拉丁美洲以及亚太地区的投资急速上升。中国已经成为影响非洲、拉美和亚太地区发展的中坚力量。
中国农业大学国际发展研究中心的前身，中德综合农业发展中心（CIAD）成立于1988年，1994年原北京农业大学在中德综合农业发展中心的基础之上成立了国际农村发展中心。从上世纪90年代开始，国际农村发展中心先后作为世界银行、亚洲开发银行、德国技术合作公司、欧盟、德国复兴发展银行、日本国际协力组织、日本协力银行、澳大利亚国际发展署、新西兰国际发展署、英国国际发展部等国际组织的主要技术支撑机构，并为这些组织在我国的发展援助提供技术服务。与此同时，国际农村发展中心受商务部、农业部、水利部、国务院扶贫办以及云南、广西、甘肃、陕西、宁夏、辽宁、西藏、贵州、四川等西部省区委托，管理和执行大量的国际发展项目。在过去的二十多年中，培养了一批熟悉国际发展实践业务的专门人才，成为了在国内唯一的专业型的、具有系统国际发展实践能力的发展机构。1998年，国际农村发展中心转型成为农村发展学院，同时建立了国内第一个发展专业的本科教育体系。2002年，农村发展学院与人文学院合并，成为人文与发展学院。学院从2008年开始开设发展研究方向的国际硕士、博士留学生课程，成为国内第一个发展专业的留学生项目。在建立国际发展教育体系的同时，国际发展的研究工作在近年来取得了长足的进展，有关中国发展模式的研究、中非发展与减贫的对比研究、中非农业的发展研究、中国南亚的发展减贫对比研究、国际发展援助研究等方面的工作已经在国内形成特色，并正在成为在国内领先的以发展中国家的发展问题为特色的研究体系。这些研究工作得到了外交部、商务部、国家开发银行、国务院扶贫办、农业部等各部委以及世界银行、亚洲开发银行、OECD等国际组织的高度重视。与此同时，在发展中国家的发展实践也相继展开。
为了解决其它发展中国家对中国发展经验和教训日益增长的学习需求，以及不断增长的中国和其他发展工作者们在国际发展合作方面的交流需求，特别是为了更好的探讨中国的国际发展合作如何有效地实施，学校在学院前期工作的基础上成立了国际发展研究中心（RCID）。
二、目标
国际发展研究中心旨在运用中国视角探讨国际发展问题；为广大学者、决策层、实践工作者提供一个分享国际发展领域相关理论与实践知识以及最新的国际发展动态的开放的平台。其主要任务侧重于：
--在全球发展背景下，运用比较分析的方法深入探讨中国的发展转型问题；
--将其他发展工作者在国际发展领域中获得的经验和教训介绍给中国的学界和政策界，达成共识，并共同致力于减少全球贫困，实现可持续发展；
--研究中国对外援助政策与实践，并将成果传达给国际发展社会，提出有关中国国际发展的政策建议；
--参加中国在其它发展国家的国际发展项目，为进一步的研究积累实践经验；
三、研究内容
国际发展研究中心在变化的全球政治背景和经济体系中进行以下研究：
--中国转型的国际意义
研究的重点是理解中国快速转型的性质和国际意义。本研究首先通过实证研究探讨中国转型过程，并通过批判性分析讨论转型的涵义。该研究将有助于为当前的发展研究问题提供参考。
--中国的国际发展合作：有效性以及与国际发展架构的连接
研究旨在了解中国的对外援助，主要包括操作过程、管理和影响；同时也试图探究中国的以南南合作为基础的国际发展框架如何成为OECD-DAC成员国以南北关系为基础的方式的补充。
--中国在非洲发展中的角色
研究重点在于从发展研究视角看中国在非洲发展中的作用。研究内容涵盖中国的对外援助、在非洲的政府投资和私人投资情况。特别是要从理论上理解在如此纷乱的资本主义扩张背景下，中国在非洲影响的性质，以及这种影响对于非洲发展过程的影响。
--改变发展援助角色：从干预者到相互学习
国际发展研究中心在进行国际发展实践的同时，试图探索与过去的国际捐助的“中间人”不同的角色，即在发展实践基础上与合作伙伴相互学习。这一行动研究来自当地合作伙伴、中国官方援助机构、非政府组织以及企业合作等多方支持。
四、组织管理
国际发展研究中心是中国农业大学两个重点社会科学研究中心之一，为学校直属研究机构，挂靠人文与发展学院。国际发展研究中心聘请国内外在国际发展领域知名的专家组成国际发展研究院的咨询委员会。
Knowledge, Policy and Practice in International Development
Research Center for International Development at China Agricultural University
History
The Research Center for International Development (RCID) was built on the formative constructs cultivated through a long period of engagement in international development intervention in China and abroad by the Center for Integrated Agriculture Development (CIAD), and later the COHD.
CIAD at China Agricultural University (CAU), which laid the groundwork for the later formation of the College of Humanities and Development Studies (COHD) and the Research Center for International Development (RCID), was jointly establishedby the governments of China and Germany and brought to maturity through the technical support of the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ). Since its establishment, the CIAD has undergone a systematic transformation from a donor-supported and action-oriented institute for development intervention, to a leading institute focusing on a combination of research, education and practical execution as they apply to developmental studies. The curriculum for Developmental Studies designed by the COHD for use with Chinese and international students alike (from undergraduate to PhD-level education) is entirely unique in China. Furthermore, the wealth of research that the COHD has conducted on poverty and rural transformation—in particular as they relate to often overlooked members of the population, participation, gender, and critical development thinking, etc.—has gained a great deal of academic and administrative attention in China.
The original purpose of this long-term engagement was to strengthen the university’s academic capacity to understand China’s role in international developmental policy from a Chinese perspective. Based on the knowledge garnered thereof, the RCID was then established to further address three aspects of international development: the increasing demand to use China’s developmental experience to form a practical roadmap for other developing countries; the increasing demand for exchange and developmental cooperation between China and other developing countries; and most importantly, to explore how China’s cooperation in international development can be undertaken effectively. With these three focal points, the RCID was created by CAU to serve as one of its two key social science research centers that specialize in international developmental studies.
Mission
The RCID’s mission is to generate and disseminate knowledge, as well as to inspire and inform policy makers of practices in international development from a Chinese perspective. The research center will be an open platform for scholars, policy makers and practitioners to share knowledge and information, and engage in au courant debates on international development.
In particular, the RCID focuses on:
- Understanding China’s developmental transformation within the context of global development, gleaned through comprehensive comparative analyses;
- Compiling the experience and lessons acquired from other key players in international development, and introducing relevant information to China’s academic and administrative communities with the goal of fostering common understanding and making a joint effort to reduce global poverty and attain sustainable development;
- Studying China’s foreign aid policy and practices to foster a more informed understanding among members of the international development community, and helping the Chinese government to improve its international developmental policy;
- Taking part in China’s international development program in other developing countries to gain practical experience for research.
Research Program
RCID conducts the following research within the context of changing political and economic structures around the globe:
- China’s Transformation: International Implications
This research focuses on understanding the nature of China’s rapid transformation and the international implications thereof. Theoretically, the purpose of research in this field is primarily to garner a more thorough understanding of these topics through empirical studies and critical analyses that will to contribute to current debates on new developmental studies.
- China’s Cooperation in International Development: Effectiveness and Connection to International Developmental Architecture
This research focuses on understanding China’s foreign aid, particularly its operations, management and impact. The research will also explore how China’s South-South Cooperation-based international development framework can be complementary to the North-South-based approach applied by the members of the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC).
- China’s Role in African Development
This research focuses on the role that China plays in African development from a developmental studies’ perspective. The research covers China’s foreign aid, state investment and private investment in Africa. In particular, research in this field will focus on fostering a more in-depth understanding of the nature of China’s role within the context of entangled capitalist expansion in Africa, as well as the impact of this role on African developmental processes.
- Creating Innovative, Alternative Developmental Cooperation: Intervention and Education
While engaging in international development, the RCID continues to explore a role that is not limited to that of a “middleman” in international donation-related affairs, but that focuses on cooperating with partners in developing countries to test developmental practices based on mutual learning. This action-oriented research is undertaken jointly with local partners under the support of numerous official aid agencies in China, NGOs, and businesses.
Organization and management
The RCID, which operates within the COHD structure, is one of two key social science research centers at China Agricultural University. It is overseen, staffed, and fully financed by the university.
An international advisory group composed of five international and five domestic experts supervises the center’s program and helps expand the center as an independent and sound research-based institute for international development.
